DUDEKULA  [Noor basha]

 

ANDHRA PRADESH NOORBASHA / DUDEKULA B.C. MUSLIM WELFARE SOCIETY

Reg.No : 157/2015

 

DUDEKULA, LADDAF, PINJARI, or NOORBASHA Cast :                                                     

 BC - B [ Sl. No : 5 ] G.O. No.1793. [ Andhra pradesh ]

 OBC - [ Sl. No : 43 ] 12011/68/93-BCC(C ) dt 10.09.93. [ India ]

                                                                                                                                    

Our set is weariyasly cold from time to time Biging : -

INDUS - DUDEKULA WORKER'S [ Indus Valley Civilization ]

HINDU - DUDEKULA [ Indus Changed to Hindu ]

ISLAM - DUDEKULA [ After recieving Islam ]

MUSLIM - DUDEKULA [ Under the ruling of muslim kings ]

INDIAN - ISLAM - DUDEKULA [ After the independence of INDIA in 1947 ]

SURNAME :- RESIDING VILLAGE NAME - WORKING INSTRUMENT 'S NAME.

[ DUDEKULA, LADDAF, PINJARI, NOORBASHA, BHAI, PINJAKUTTAI, POMJARI, DHUNIA  are also known as Mansoori, Behna and Pinjara. ]

·         THE ANCIENT ERA - DUDEKULA WORKER'S

·         The oldest cotton textiles were found in graves and city ruins of civilizations from dry climates, where the fabrics did not decay completely. Some of the oldest cotton bolls were discovered in a cave in Tehuacán Valley, Mexico, and were dated to approximately 5500 BCE, but more recent estimates have put the age of these bolls at approximately 3600 BCE. Seeds and cordage dating to about 450BCE have been found in Peru. There is reliable genetic evidence that cotton originated in Peru. At the source of any plant—in this case wild cotton, the genetic variability is enormously greater and one area of wild cotton in Peru constitutes a "smoking gun.". The Indus Valley civilization started cultivating cotton by 2500 BCE. By 3000 BCE cotton was being grown and processed in Mexico, and Arizona. Pre-Incan cotton grave cloths were found in Huaca Prieta in Peru, and date back to 2500 BCE, and cotton was mentioned in Hindu hymns in 1500 BCE. Herodotus, an ancient Greek historian, mentions Indian cotton in the 5th century BCE as "a wool exceeding in beauty and goodness that of sheep." When Alexander the Great invaded India, his troops started wearing cotton clothes that were more comfortable than their previouswoolen ones. Strabo, another Greek historian, mentioned the vividness of Indian fabrics, and Arrian told of Indian–Arab trade of cotton fabrics in 130 CE. Egyptians grew and spun cotton from 6–700 CE. In the 8th century the Muslim conquest of Spain expanded the European cotton trade. By the 15th century, Venice, Antwerp, and Haarlem were important ports for cotton trade, and the sale and transportation of cotton fabrics had become very profitable.

·         Indus Valley Civilization, Dudekula [ 3300-2600 BC ]

·         The earliest evidence of cotton use in the Indian subcontinent has been found at the site of Mehrgarh and Rakhigarhi where cotton threads have been found preserved in copper beads; these finds have been dated to Neolithic [ between 6000 and 5000 BC ]. Cotton cultivation in the region is dated to the Indus Valley Civilization, which covered parts of modern eastern Pakistan and northwestern India between 3300 and 1300 BC. The Indus cotton industry was well-developed and some methods used in cotton spinning and fabrication continued to be used until the industrialization of India.Between 2000 and 1000 BC cotton became widespread across much of India. For example, it has been found at the site of South India dating from around 1000 BC.

·         Indus Valley farmers planted winter crops, such as wheat, barley, peas, lentils, linseed and mustard. In summer, they grew millet, sesame and probably cotton. Experts are not sure if rice was grown. At Harappa, evidence shows that about half the animal bones came from cattle. An Indus farmer kept cows for milk and meat, and also used their skins for making leather. He used a bullock to pull his cart to market, and to pull his p lough. Farmers kept sheep, goats and pigs, and possibly donkeys and camels. They had chickens too.

·         NOTE :- After the completion of sindhu civilization people migrated to the river and coastal areas of INDIA.

·          MUSLIM’s

·         The very first Muslim attack on India in Sindh in the year 715 A.D was by Arabs led by Mohammad Bin Qasim. They displaced Raja Dahir who ruled Sindh from his capital Deval (near modern Karachi). Arabs even unsuccessfully tried to attack Malwa. After this invasion, which was limited to Sindh, for a period of 300 years, kings like Raja Bhoja and other Gurjara Kings thwarted further Muslim attacks. The next invasion was by Turk Sabuktagin. He had established himself in Khorasan and extended his kingdom to Kabul and Ghazni. In 986 A.D. he came into conflict with Raja Jaipal of Bathinda. In 991 A.D. Raja Jaipal allied with other Hindu king including Rajyapala the Prathira king of Kannauj and Dhanga the ruler of the distant Chandela kingdom but they too were defeated.

·         Mohammad Bin Qasim - 715 AD., Mahmud of Ghazni - 986 - 1027 AD. [ He died in 1030 AD. ], Slave Dynasty - Qutab-ud-din Aibek - Muhammad Khilji - 1199 - 1202 AD - Razia Begum - 1236 -1240 AD., Khilji Dynasty - 1290 - 1316 AD., Tughlaq Dynasty - 1320 - 1413 AD., Saiyyid - 1414 - 1450 AD., Lodhi dynasty - 1451 - 1526 AD. Mughal dynasty [ The Mughal Empire was founded by Babur ] - 1526 - 1707 AD.,Babur - 1526 A.D., Humayun - 1530 AD. 1539 - 40 AD., Sher Shah and the Sur Dynasty  - 1540 - 1545., Return of Humayun - 1555 - 1556 AD., Akbar - 1556-1605 AD., Jahangir - 1605 - 1611 AD., Shah Jahan - 1627 to 1658 AD., Aurangzeb - 1658-1707 AD.

                                                                                                                         

·           
    

            The Mughal Empire was founded by Babur.


        Mohammad Bin Qasim. 

         

·         NOTE :- In the rule of MUSLIMS, the preachers in the religion (SUFI's) converted the workers belonging to lower stage people of dudekulas into ISLAM religion.

·         MIDDLE AGES AND THE MODRN ERA

·         Cotton was a common fabric during the Middle Ages, and was hand-woven on a loom. Cotton manufacture was introduced to Europe during the Muslim conquest of the Iberian Peninsula and Sicily. The knowledge of cotton weaving was spread to northern Italy in the 12th century, when Sicily was conquered by the Normans, and consequently to the rest of Europe. The spinning wheel, introduced to Europe circa 1350, improved the speed of cotton spinning.Christopher Columbus, in his explorations of the Bahamas and Cuba, found natives wearing cotton ("the costliest and handsomest... cotton mantles and sleeveless shirts embroidered and painted in different designs and colours"), a fact that may have contributed to his incorrect belief that he had landed on the coast of India. Cotton cloth started to become highly sought-after for the European urban markets during the Renaissance and the Enlightenment. Vasco da Gama, a Portuguese explorer, opened Asian sea trade, which replaced caravans and allowed for heavier cargo. Indian craftspeople had long protected the secret of how to create colourful patterns. However, some converted toChristianity and their secret was revealed by a French Catholic priest, Father Coeurdoux. He revealed the process of creating the fabrics in France, which assisted the Europeantextileindustry.

              

spinning wheel

·         BRITISH EMPIRES

·         Cotton's rise to global importance came about as a result of the cultural transformation of Europe and Britain's trading empire. Calico and chintz, types of cotton fabrics, became popular in Europe, and by 1664 the East India Company was importing a quarter of a million pieces into Britain. By the 18th century, the middle class had become more concerned with cleanliness and fashion, and there was a demand for easily washable and colourful fabric. Wool continued to dominate the European markets, but cotton prints were introduced to Britain by the East India Company in the 1690s. Imports of calicoes, cheap cotton fabrics from Kozhikode, then known as Calicut, in India, found a mass market among the poor. By 1721 these calicoes threatened British manufacturers, and Parliament passed the Calico Act that banned calicoes for clothing or domestic purposes. In 1774 the act was repealed with the invention of machines that allowed for British manufacturers to compete with Eastern fabrics.^[ A spinning jenny, originally invented by James Hargreaves Cotton's versatility allowed it to be combined with linen and be made into velvet. It was cheaper than silk and could be imprinted more easily than wool, allowing for patterned dresses for women. It became the standard fashion and, because of its price, was accessible to the general public. New inventions in the 1770s—such as the spinning jenny, the water frame, and the spinning mule—made the British Midlands into a very profitable manufacturing centre. In 1794–1796, British cotton goods accounted for 15.6% of Britain's exports, and in 1804–1806 grew to 42.3%. The British commercial empire grew the cotton industry enormously. British cotton products were successful in European markets, constituting 40.5% of exports in 1784–1786. Britain's success was also due to its trade with its own colonies, whose settlers maintained British identities, and thus, fashions. With the growth of the cotton industry, manufacturers had to find new sources of raw cotton, and cultivation was expanded to West India. High tariffs against Indian textile workshops, British power in India through the East India Company, and British restrictions on Indian cotton imports transformed India from the source of textiles to a source of raw cotton. Cultivation was also attempted in the Caribbean and West Africa, but these attempts failed due to bad weather and poor soil. The Indian subcontinent was looked to as a possible source of raw cotton, but intra-imperial conflicts and economic rivalries prevented the area from producing the necessary supply. The Lancashire textile mills were major parts of the British industrial revolution. Their workers had poor working conditions: low wages, child labour, and 18-hour work days. Richard Arkwright created a textile empire by building a factory system powered by water, which was occasionally raided by the Luddites, weavers put out of business by the mechanization of textile production. In the 1790s, James Watt's steam power was applied to textile production, and by 1839 200,000 children worked in Manchester's cotton mills. Karl Marx, who frequently visited Lancashire, may have been influenced by the conditions of workers in these mills in writing Das Kapital.

·          

·         East India Company [ 31 December 1600 ]

·         The history of the British Raj refers to the period of British rule on the Indian subcontinent between 1858 and 1947. The system of governance was instituted in 1858 when the rule of the East India Company was transferred to the Crown in the person of Queen Victoria (who in 1876 was proclaimed Empress of India.

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·         Cotton mill in India [ 1740 AD ]

·         The first cotton mills were established in the 1740s to house roller spinning machinery invented by Lewis Paul and John Wyatt. The machines were the first to spin cotton mechanically "without the intervention of human fingers".They were driven by a single non-human power source which allowed the use of larger machinery and made it possible to concentrate production into organised factories. Four mills were set up to house Paul and Wyatt's machinery in the decade following its patent in 1738: the short-lived, animal-powered Upper Priory Cotton Mill in Birmingham in 1741; Marvel's Mill in Northampton operated from 1742 until 1764 and was the first to be powered by a water wheel; Pinsley Mill in Leominsterprobably opened in 1744 and operated until it burned down in 1754; and a second mill in Birmingham set up by Samuel Touchet in 1744, about which little is known, but which was sufficiently successful for Touchet later to seek the lease on the mill in Northampton. The Paul-Wyatt mills spun cotton for several decades but were not very profitable, becoming the ancestors of the cotton mills that followed.

·         NOTE :- In the period of BRITISH due to the introduction of MACHINERIES, the life of people who works with their arms n legs were destroyed.

    

    

ALL STATES OF 'INDIA - DUDEKULA'

·         The Dhunia (Dudekula) are also known as Mansoori, Behna, Naddaf, and Pinjara/Pinjari. They are a Muslim community of cotton-carders, numbering around 100 million people.

·          

·         They live mainly in the districts of Gonda, Bahraich, Deoria, Basti, Gorakhpur, Bara Banki, Bareilly, Sitapur, Azamgarh, Kheri, Bijnor and Siddarthnagar of  Uttar Pradesh (1.8 million), Bihar (510,000), and West Bengal. They live in smaller numbers in Gujarat, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, andhra Pradesh & Telangana (4500000), karnataka(1000000), tamilnadu (500000),orissa,goa,kerala and Himachal Pradesh.

·         DUDEKULA COMMUNITY IMPART ANT PERSON'S

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·         Siddaiah History [ 1665 - 1735 AD ]

·         There is a saying in Telugu. Brahmam Gari lanti Guruvu Ledu. Siddaiah lanti Shishundu ledu.The meaning of this saying is that,No Guru exists like Veerabrahmendra,and no student like Siddaiah. Sree Siddaiah is the chief disciple of Veerabrahmendra swamy. Siddaiah, is born to a Dudekula [ Noorbasha ] Muslim couple in Later he gave up that life and was born as the son of Adambi and Peeru Saheb of this village Mudumala village, of kadapa Dt. by his parents during his childhood. Siddiah, at his younger age, was desperate to find out truth of parabrahman, and was in search of a guru.One day, he has envisioned sree Veerabrahmendra swamy giving mantopadesha in his dream.He understood that his destiny is at the feet of veerabrahmendra swamy. He then renounced the materialistic world and started his spiritual journey in search of brahmam garu,his guru.He reaches,Kandimallayyapalle. The name of Siddaiah is invariably associated with that of Sri Veerabrahmam, the sage of Kandimallayapalle. These two saints are very popular all over Andhra Pradesh & Karnataka. According to belief, the former is said to be the incarnation of Lord Siva , born in this world with mutual agreement in order to maintain dharma, bhakthi and peace and to destroy the wicked and to protect the good in this world.

Siddaiah Garu.

Dr. Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam

            Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam was born to a poor Tamil Muslim [ Laddaf ] family on 15 October, 1931 at Rameswaram in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. His father, Jainulabdeen, was a boat owner, and his mother, Ashiamma, was a homemaker. He started working at a young age to support his father. He received average grades in school but was seen as a hardworking and bright student with a strong desire to learn things. He used to study for hours, especially mathematics. He completed his schooling from Rameshwaram Elementary School. In 1954, he graduated in Physics from St. Joseph's College in Tiruchirappalli, which was then affiliated to the University of Madras. Thereafter, in 1955, he moved to Madras (now Chennai) and joined the Madras Institute of Technology and studied aerospace engineering. His dream was to become a fighter pilot but he was ranked ninth while the IAF offered only eight slots. He was a bachelor.

 Dr. SHAIK CHINNA MOULANA

            Shaik Chinna Moulana (12 May 1924, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh – 13 April 1999, Srirangam, Tamil Nadu), popularly known as Shaik, was a legendary nadhaswaram player in the Carnatic tradition. He achieved high position through his outstanding control over the instrument, rendering the Krities in the Gayaki style and for his extraordinary style of Raga Alapana.

            Shaik Chinna Moulana was born in Karavadi Village, Prakasam District, Andhra Pradesh. Even at very early age he achieved proficiency in Nadhaswaram, first under the tutorship of his father Shaik Kasim Sahib and later Nadhaswara Vidwan Sri Throvagunta Shaik Hassan Saheb ( NadhaBrahma, Nadhaswara Dhaksha (Ref from "Andhrapradesh Nadhaswara & Dolu Kalakarula Charithra") and later under Shaik Adam Sahib, a renowned Nadhaswaram player of Chilakaluripeta, Andhra Pradesh. Recognizing the importance and the role of "Thanjavur Bhaani" (style of playing) he very much wanted to get trained in this. With this in view, he was under the tutelage of M/s. Rajam and Duraikannu brothers of Nachiarkovil (Thanjavur District – Tamil Nadu) for some years.

Chinna Moulana was a childhood admirer of T.N. Rajarathnam Pillai, and observed Rajarathinam Pillai as his Maanasika Guru. Chinna Moulana closely observed the style of Rajarathinam Pillai from the early age itself and adapted Rajarathinam Pillai's playing techniques in his own playing style.

SHAIK NAGOOR BABU [ MANO ]

            Mano was born as Nagoor Babu in Sattenapalli, Guntur district of Andhra Pradesh state. His father Rasool, was a musician in the All India Radio, Vijayawada division and his mother Shaheeda, was a popular Stage actress. Inspired heavily by his mother, Mano joined the stage theater and played many historical characters which also involved singing live songs in his own voice. He soon started taking formal training of carnatic classical music under the vocalist Nedunuri Krishnamurthy. Subsequently, he started his film acting career in the late 1970s and acted in about 40 movies as child artist. He featured as a supporting character in films such as Rangoon Rowdy.

           Nagoor Babu, known by his stage name Mano, is an Indian playback singer, voice-over artist, actor, producer, television anchor and music composer. He is a recipient of several awards such as the Nandi Awards from the Government of Andhra Pradesh and Kalaimamani award from the Government of Tamil Nadu.

            Mano has recorded more than 30,000 songs for various Telugu, Bengali, Kannada, Malayalam, Tamil, Oriya and Bollywood films. He has also performed for over 3000 live concerts across the continents.Notably, he has recorded 2,000 songs for music director Ilayaraja.

          

    

 

     SHAIK SHANAVAZ

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·         అస్సాలముఅలైకుం .మన దూదేకుల కులస్తులందరికి నా సలాములు   1. దూదేకుల కులం 1970 నుంచి BC-B స్టేట్ లిస్టు , మరియు 1992 నుంచి OBC సెంట్రల్ లిస్టు లో రిజర్వేషన్ పొందుతుంది .2007 వరకు ఆంధ్ర ప్రదేశ్ లో ముస్లిం కులాలల్లో దూదేకుల మరియు మేహతర్ కులాలు మాత్రమే రిజర్వేషన్ పొందేవి , కానీ , G.O.no.23 , 2007 ద్వారా 14 ముస్లిం కులాలను BC -E కింద రిజర్వేషన్ ఇవ్వడం జరిగింది .ఈ రిజర్వేషన్ వల్ల 14 ముస్లిం కులాలకు విద్యా పరంగా చాలా లాభం చేకూరుతుంది . మన దూదేకుల కులం ఏదైతే Anantharaman commission , Sachar commission , Subhramanyam commission ముస్లిం లలలో అత్యంత బ్యాక్ వార్డ్ ( Most Back ward among muslims ) అని చెప్పబడింది , కాని రిజర్వేషన్ పాలసీ లో మనకు న్యాయము జరగడం లేదు , BC-E వల్ల 14 ముస్లిం గ్రూప్ లకు విద్యా పరంగా ప్రోయోజనం చేకురినట్టు , BC-B వల్ల మన దూదేకుల స్టూడెంట్స్ కు ప్రయోజనం చేకూరడం లేదు . మన స్టూడెంట్స్ , చదువుకునే సోదర సోదరిమనులకు , పిల్లలకు ఫ్యూచర్ లో ఎడ్యుకేషన్ లో ముందుకెళ్ళ లంటే మనం అందరం BC -E రిజర్వేషన్ కోసం పోరాడాలి . ఈ విషయమై ముందు మనం commission అఫ్ Inquiry , ( సుదీర్ commission ) ముందుకు మనం రిజర్వేషన్ పాలసీ లో ఎదురుకుంటున్న అన్యాయాన్ని వారికి చెప్పాలి . నా విన్నపం ఏమనగా మీరందరూ ఎదో ఒక విదంగా సుదీర్ commission కి మీ అభిప్రాయం తెలపాలి . మీరు ఈ వెబ్ లింక్స్ ద్వారా లేదా , వాళ్ళ ఆఫీస్ అడ్రస్ ద్వార వాళ్ళని కలిసి మీ అభిప్రాయం తెలపండి .  https://www.facebook.com/coi4muslims/ https://twitter.com/coi4mus?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfwhttp://coiformuslims.telangana.gov.in Commission of Inquiry ,   2nd floor , Shakar Bhavan ,   Basheerbagh , Hyderabad. 040-23232007.